From Glitch City Laboratories
The Generation I Pokémon games allow the player to walk around with a party of no active Pokémon by depositing all Pokémon into the PC except those which are fainted.
If the player walks three steps with a party of no active Pokémon, this will result in a black out. However, the amount of steps required for a black out can be reset by saving the game and resetting.
This method allows the player to enter a Trainer battle or a wild Pokémon battle without any active Pokémon, but this will only result in a black out after the battle begins.